Buffalo Head Nickel 1937: Rare Coin Collectors' Delight

The Buffalo Head Nickel, also known as the Indian Head Nickel, is one of the most iconic and beloved coins in American numismatic history. Struck by the United States Mint from 1913 to 1938, this distinctive coin features a Native American profile on one side and an American bison on the other. Among these, the Buffalo Head Nickel 1937 stands out for its unique design and historical significance, capturing the imagination of coin collectors and enthusiasts alike.

As a collector's item, the Buffalo Head Nickel 1937 is cherished not just for its artistic appeal but also for its rarity and the stories it tells about early 20th-century America. This coin's design was the brainchild of sculptor James Earle Fraser, who sought to create a tribute to the rugged American West and its indigenous peoples. The 1937 version, in particular, is notable for certain minting errors and variations that make it highly sought after in the numismatic community.

The allure of the Buffalo Head Nickel 1937 extends beyond its face value, as it embodies a significant period in American history characterized by cultural shifts, economic challenges, and technological advancements. This article will delve into the fascinating details of the 1937 Buffalo Head Nickel, exploring its history, design, value, and the factors that contribute to its enduring popularity among collectors. Whether you're a seasoned numismatist or a curious newcomer, the world of the Buffalo Head Nickel 1937 offers a compelling glimpse into a bygone era.

Table of Contents

• History of the Buffalo Head Nickel
• James Earle Fraser: The Sculptor Behind the Design
• Design Elements of the 1937 Buffalo Head Nickel
• Minting Process and Locations
• Rare Errors and Varieties
• Value and Collectibility
• Grading the 1937 Buffalo Head Nickel
• Famous Auctions and Sales
• Impact on American Culture
• Care and Preservation
• How to Start a Collection
• Investment Potential
• Frequently Asked Questions
• Conclusion

History of the Buffalo Head Nickel

The Buffalo Head Nickel, introduced in 1913, was a departure from previous designs of the Liberty Head Nickel. Its creation was part of a broader movement to beautify American coinage, led by President Theodore Roosevelt, who sought to infuse coins with artistry and symbolism. The nickel's design was a tribute to the Native American tribes and the majestic buffalo, both integral to the American frontier.

The coin was minted until 1938, with the 1937 version being particularly significant due to its historical context and unique characteristics. The Great Depression era, during which these coins were circulated, added to the nickel's allure as a witness to a pivotal period in American history. Collectors often view the Buffalo Head Nickel as a tangible connection to the past, reflecting both the hardships and resilience of the time.

Throughout its minting period, the Buffalo Head Nickel underwent several minor modifications, yet it maintained its core design. The coin's transition from circulation to a collectible item highlights its enduring appeal and cultural significance, making it a staple in any numismatic collection.

James Earle Fraser: The Sculptor Behind the Design

James Earle Fraser, a renowned American sculptor, was the creative force behind the design of the Buffalo Head Nickel. Born in 1876 in Winona, Minnesota, Fraser was influenced by his early experiences on the American frontier, which deeply informed his artistic vision. His career was marked by a commitment to capturing the spirit of the American West, a theme that resonated throughout his work.

Fraser's design for the Buffalo Head Nickel was inspired by real-life models, including a composite of three Native American chiefs for the obverse and Black Diamond, a bison from the Central Park Zoo, for the reverse. His attention to detail and ability to convey the essence of his subjects made the Buffalo Head Nickel a celebrated piece of American art and history.

Fraser's legacy extends beyond the Buffalo Head Nickel, as he was responsible for numerous public sculptures and monuments across the United States. His contribution to American art and culture is immeasurable, with the Buffalo Head Nickel standing as a testament to his skill and dedication.

Design Elements of the 1937 Buffalo Head Nickel

The design of the Buffalo Head Nickel is both intricate and symbolic, with each element carefully chosen to reflect the spirit of America. The obverse features a powerful profile of a Native American chief, a composite of several leaders, which Fraser meticulously crafted to capture the dignity and strength of indigenous peoples.

On the reverse, the American bison, known as Black Diamond, stands majestically, symbolizing the untamed wilderness of the American plains. The coin's rugged appearance and bold imagery set it apart from its contemporaries, making it a favorite among collectors and historians alike.

In 1937, certain variations in the minting process led to unique errors, such as the "three-legged buffalo," which have since become highly prized by collectors. These anomalies add another layer of intrigue to the coin, further cementing its status as a numismatic treasure.

Minting Process and Locations

The Buffalo Head Nickel was minted at three primary locations: Philadelphia, Denver, and San Francisco. Each mint played a significant role in the production of these coins, contributing to the diversity and distribution of the Buffalo Head Nickel across the United States.

The minting process involved several intricate steps, from designing and engraving the dies to striking the coins with precision. Advances in technology during the early 20th century allowed for more detailed and consistent coin production, yet the process still required skilled craftsmanship and attention to detail.

The different mint marks, found on the reverse side of the coin, help collectors identify the origin of each Buffalo Head Nickel, adding another dimension to its collectibility and historical value.

Rare Errors and Varieties

The 1937 Buffalo Head Nickel is famous for its rare errors and varieties, which have become legendary in the numismatic world. Among these, the "three-legged buffalo" error is the most notable, resulting from an over-polishing of the die that removed one of the buffalo's legs. This error has made the coin a highly sought-after piece, fetching significant sums at auctions.

Other varieties include double-die errors and variations in the mint marks, each contributing to the coin's allure and value. Collectors often seek out these unique pieces for their rarity and the fascinating stories behind their creation.

The pursuit of these rare coins adds an element of adventure to coin collecting, as enthusiasts scour auctions, estate sales, and antique shops in search of these elusive treasures.

Value and Collectibility

The Buffalo Head Nickel 1937 holds significant value for collectors, not only for its historical importance but also for its rarity and condition. Factors influencing the coin's value include its mint mark, the presence of errors, and its overall state of preservation.

Well-preserved specimens, especially those with rare errors, can command high prices in the numismatic market. The coin's value has steadily increased over the years, reflecting its status as a prized collectible and a sound investment.

Collectors and investors alike are drawn to the Buffalo Head Nickel 1937 for its potential to appreciate in value, making it a cornerstone of any serious coin collection.

Grading the 1937 Buffalo Head Nickel

Grading is a crucial aspect of determining the value of a Buffalo Head Nickel 1937. Professional grading services assess coins based on their condition, providing a standardized rating that helps collectors and investors gauge their worth.

The grading scale ranges from Poor (P-1) to Mint State (MS-70), with higher grades indicating better preservation and fewer imperfections. Coins that have been well-maintained or possess unique characteristics often receive higher grades, enhancing their desirability and market value.

Understanding the grading system is essential for collectors looking to build a valuable and reputable collection.

Famous Auctions and Sales

The Buffalo Head Nickel 1937 has been featured in numerous high-profile auctions, where it has fetched impressive prices. These sales often highlight the coin's rarity and the competitive nature of the numismatic market.

Notable auctions have seen the "three-legged buffalo" and other rare varieties sell for substantial sums, attracting attention from collectors and investors worldwide. These events underscore the Buffalo Head Nickel's status as a sought-after collectible and a testament to its enduring appeal.

The excitement and anticipation surrounding these auctions continue to fuel interest in the Buffalo Head Nickel 1937, making it a focal point of the numismatic community.

Impact on American Culture

The Buffalo Head Nickel 1937 holds a special place in American culture, representing a bygone era and the values of the early 20th century. Its design pays homage to the nation's indigenous peoples and the untamed wilderness that once dominated the landscape.

The coin's enduring popularity reflects a broader appreciation for American history and heritage, as collectors and historians seek to preserve this cultural icon for future generations. The Buffalo Head Nickel serves as a tangible link to the past, offering insights into the nation's evolution and identity.

Through its artistry and symbolism, the Buffalo Head Nickel 1937 continues to inspire and captivate, maintaining its relevance and significance in American culture.

Care and Preservation

Proper care and preservation are essential for maintaining the value and condition of the Buffalo Head Nickel 1937. Collectors should handle these coins with care, using gloves to prevent oils and dirt from affecting their surfaces.

Storing coins in a controlled environment, such as a temperature-regulated safe or display case, can help prevent damage from moisture and environmental factors. Regular inspections and cleanings, when necessary, will also ensure the coin's longevity and appeal.

By taking these precautions, collectors can preserve the integrity and beauty of their Buffalo Head Nickel 1937, safeguarding it for future generations to enjoy.

How to Start a Collection

Starting a collection of Buffalo Head Nickels, including the 1937 version, can be a rewarding and fulfilling hobby. Beginners should familiarize themselves with the basics of coin collecting, including grading, pricing, and identifying mint marks.

Joining numismatic clubs and attending coin shows can provide valuable insights and opportunities to connect with experienced collectors. Building relationships within the community can open doors to rare finds and deepen one's understanding of the hobby.

With patience and dedication, collectors can assemble a diverse and valuable collection of Buffalo Head Nickels, enjoying the thrill of the hunt and the satisfaction of preserving a piece of history.

Investment Potential

The Buffalo Head Nickel 1937 offers significant investment potential, thanks to its rarity and historical significance. As demand for these coins continues to grow, so too does their market value, making them an attractive option for investors.

As with any investment, thorough research and careful consideration are essential. Understanding the factors that influence coin values, such as condition, rarity, and market trends, can help investors make informed decisions and maximize their returns.

With its rich history and enduring appeal, the Buffalo Head Nickel 1937 represents a sound investment opportunity for those looking to diversify their portfolios and capitalize on the numismatic market.

Frequently Asked Questions

What makes the 1937 Buffalo Head Nickel special?

The 1937 Buffalo Head Nickel is special due to its unique design, historical significance, and rare minting errors such as the "three-legged buffalo." These factors contribute to its high value and desirability among collectors.

How do I determine the value of my 1937 Buffalo Head Nickel?

The value of a 1937 Buffalo Head Nickel depends on its condition, mint mark, and any unique features or errors. Professional grading services can provide an accurate assessment of its value.

Where can I find 1937 Buffalo Head Nickels for sale?

1937 Buffalo Head Nickels can be found at coin shows, auctions, online marketplaces, and through reputable dealers. Networking with other collectors can also lead to potential purchases.

What are the most common errors found in the 1937 Buffalo Head Nickel?

The most common error in the 1937 Buffalo Head Nickel is the "three-legged buffalo" error, caused by over-polishing of the die. Other errors include double-die varieties and mint mark variations.

Is the 1937 Buffalo Head Nickel a good investment?

Yes, the 1937 Buffalo Head Nickel is considered a good investment due to its rarity, historical significance, and potential for appreciation in value. However, thorough research is recommended before investing.

How should I store my 1937 Buffalo Head Nickel?

Store your 1937 Buffalo Head Nickel in a controlled environment, such as a temperature-regulated safe or display case, and handle it with care using gloves to prevent damage.

Conclusion

The Buffalo Head Nickel 1937 is a captivating piece of American numismatic history, beloved for its artistic design and historical significance. Its unique features, including rare minting errors, add to its allure and value, making it a prized collectible among enthusiasts and investors alike. With proper care and preservation, this iconic coin will continue to captivate and inspire future generations, serving as a testament to America's rich cultural heritage and numismatic artistry.

For those interested in learning more about the Buffalo Head Nickel 1937, additional resources and expert insights are available from authoritative numismatic organizations and publications, providing a wealth of information for collectors at all levels.

As the world of numismatics continues to evolve, the Buffalo Head Nickel 1937 remains a timeless treasure, embodying the spirit of an era and the enduring appeal of American coinage.